Endocrinology

Endocrinology is a branch of medicine focused on the diagnosis, treatment, and management of disorders related to the endocrine system, which includes glands that produce hormones such as the thyroid, pituitary, adrenal glands, and pancreas. 

Common Endocrine Conditions

Endocrinologists diagnose and manage disorders involving the body’s hormone-producing glands. Common conditions include:

• Diabetes mellitus (Type 1, Type 2, gestational) – Affects the body’s ability to regulate blood sugar, leading to serious complications if not properly managed.

• Thyroid disorders – Including hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) and hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid).

• Adrenal gland disorders – Such as Cushing’s syndrome (excess cortisol) and Addison’s disease (adrenal insufficiency).

• Pituitary gland disorders include growth hormone imbalance (acromegaly or growth hormone deficiency) and hypopituitarism, among others.
  
  

  When to See an Endocrinologist

  Consider seeing an endocrinologist if you experience:

  • Symptoms of diabetes such as increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, blurry vision, and fainting.

  • Thyroid-related symptoms:

    Hypothyroidism may cause fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, and slowed bodily functions. Patients often notice dry skin, hair thinning, and constipation.

    Hyperthyroidism, on the other hand, can lead to weight loss, heat intolerance, and a rapid heartbeat. It may also cause anxiety, increased sweating, and frequent bowel movements.

  • Growth or developmental concerns – Abnormally fast or delayed growth in children or early/late puberty.

  • Symptoms of adrenal Disorders: Hormonal imbalances may lead to excess cortisol, causing weight gain (especially in the face and trunk), high blood pressure, muscle weakness, and easy bruising. In contrast, cortisol deficiency can result in fatigue, low blood pressure, abdominal pain, skin darkening, and salt cravings.

  • Pituitary Disorders: Different hormones can be affected, leading to various symptoms like growth abnormalities, menstrual irregularities, and infertility.